G4 Guitar Method – Skill 2: Chords

Essential information for teachers

Chords are a fine-motor skill. Our goal is to train the fingers to remember shapes automatically, with accuracy and ease. The following exercises and teaching principles guide students through the correct development process.

1. Key Teaching Principles

Focus on the Fretting Hand Exclusively

When learning chords, students should not worry about strumming.
Chord formation must become automatic before adding rhythm.

Quality First, Speed Second

Chords are complex. Teachers must set realistic expectations:

  • Chords requiring multiple fingers are difficult for beginners

  • Early success comes from starting with one-finger chord shapes

  • Confidence grows when transitions are smooth and controlled

Checklist Tempo

On the student checklist, chord changes include a tempo marking.
Example: C → D at 60 bpm means the student must strum once per beat and change chords without hesitation.
This tempo is the minimum standard — not a goal for advanced players.

2. The Three Stages of Chord Development

Stage 1 — Independence

Pick each note of the chord one at a time to ensure every finger is placed cleanly.

Stage 2 — Combine the Fingers (“Juggling” Analogy)

Begin with one finger, build confidence, then add the next finger — the same way jugglers master one ball before adding more.

Stage 3 — Remove the Hand Completely

Take the hand off the fretboard, rest it on the knee, then return to the chord as quickly and accurately as possible.

This trains recall, accuracy, and speed simultaneously.

3. The Juggling Analogy (How the Brain Learns Chords)

  • You cannot learn two new things at once — only one at a time

  • Beginning with multiple fingers overwhelms a beginner’s brain

  • Mastering one finger at a time builds confidence and coordination

  • Starting too hard leads to frustration and quitting

Start simple → Build competency → Add complexity gradually.

4. Finger Development System

The goal is to build finger independence, accuracy, and chord recall by developing each finger in stages.

Always progress from one finger → two fingers → full chord using the same structured approach applied in the G4 Method Book.

General Rule for All Chords

Regardless of whether the chord uses 1, 2, 3, or 4 fingers, follow these four steps:

One finger at a time

Two fingers at a time

Full finger sequence (3 or 4 fingers)

All fingers down together

Below is how this applies to each chord type.

1-Finger Chords

These are the starting point for beginners.

Step 1 — One Finger at a Time

Place the finger on the correct string/fret, then strum all allowed strings.
Repeat 10 times, ensuring:

Clear tone

Correct fingertip placement

No string buzz

(Only one step is needed because the shape uses only one finger.)

Step 2–4

Not required for 1-finger chords.

2-Finger Chords

Step 1 — One Finger at a Time

Place finger 1 → strum.
Place finger 2 → strum.
Repeat each 10 times.

Step 2 — Two Fingers

Place the fingers in sequence:
a) 1 → 2
b) 2 → 1

Repeat each sequence 10 times.

Step 3 — Both Fingers Together

Attempt placing both fingers simultaneously.

Step 4 — Remove & Replace

Lift hand to knee, return to chord shape quickly.

3-Finger Chords

(Directly aligned with the example you provided)

Three-finger chords require more time and daily practice.

Step 1 — One Finger at a Time

Place each finger individually and strum.
Repeat 10 times for each finger:
a) Finger 1
b) Finger 2
c) Finger 3

Step 2 — Two Fingers

Place two fingers in sequence:
a) 1 → 2
b) 2 → 3
c) 3 → 1

Repeat each combination 10 times.

Step 3 — Three Fingers (Sequences)

Follow the same idea as Step 2, adding the third finger:
a) 1 → 2 → 3
b) 2 → 3 → 1
c) 3 → 1 → 2

Repeat each pattern 10 times.

Step 4 — All Fingers Together

Attempt placing all three fingers simultaneously.
Strum and check clarity.

4-Finger Chords

Use the same four-step G4 sequence:

Step 1 — One Finger at a Time

Place each finger, strum, repeat 10 times:
a) Finger 1
b) Finger 2
c) Finger 3
d) Finger 4

Step 2 — Two Fingers

Use pair combinations (not all needed at once):
a) 1 → 2
b) 2 → 3
c) 3 → 4
d) 4 → 1 (optional depending on chord)

Repeat each 10 times.

Step 3 — Three-Finger Sequences

Use relevant 3-finger sequences based on the chord shape:
Examples:
a) 1 → 2 → 3
b) 2 → 3 → 4
c) 3 → 4 → 1

Step 4 — All Fingers Together

Place all four fingers down simultaneously.
Strum and check clarity.

4-Finger Chords

Use the same four-step G4 sequence:

Step 1 — One Finger at a Time

Place each finger, strum, repeat 10 times:
a) Finger 1
b) Finger 2
c) Finger 3
d) Finger 4

Step 2 — Two Fingers

Use pair combinations (not all needed at once):
a) 1 → 2
b) 2 → 3
c) 3 → 4
d) 4 → 1 (optional depending on chord)

Repeat each 10 times.

Step 3 — Three-Finger Sequences

Use relevant 3-finger sequences based on the chord shape:
Examples:
a) 1 → 2 → 3
b) 2 → 3 → 4
c) 3 → 4 → 1

Step 4 — All Fingers Together

Place all four fingers down simultaneously.
Strum and check clarity.

Bar Chords

Bar chords follow the same sequence but include the bar (finger 1) as part of every step.

Step 1 — One Finger at a Time

Start with the bar only, then add individual fingers:
a) Finger 1 (bar)
b) Finger 2
c) Finger 3
d) Finger 4

Step 2 — Two Fingers

Common two-finger entries:
a) 1 (bar) → 2
b) 1 (bar) → 3
c) 1 (bar) → 4
d) 2 → 3
e) 3 → 4

Step 3 — Three-Finger Sequences

Add the third finger in structured order:
a) 1 → 2 → 3
b) 1 → 3 → 4
c) 2 → 3 → 4

Step 4 — Full Bar Chord

Place all fingers at once and strum for clarity.

5. The ‘Folded Corner’ Technique

Students usually place fingers in order (1 → 2 → 3).
To build true mastery, practise placing fingers down in every possible order.

Examples:

  • 3 → 2 → 1

  • 3 → 1 → 2

  • 2 → 1 → 3

  • 2 → 3 → 1

This develops finger independence, speed, and shape memory.

6. The ‘Golf Putting’ Technique

Like learning to putt:

  1. Start close to the fret for clean tone

  2. Play each note of the chord individually

  3. Slowly reduce pressure

  4. Squeeze the chord back down

  5. Increase the distance your fingers travel away from the strings

  6. Eventually move the whole hand to the knee, then return instantly to the chord shape

This method builds accuracy and confidence while introducing controlled movement.

7. Building Strength and Endurance

Occasionally (1–2 times per week):

  • Squeeze the chord firmly

  • Hold until the “burn” begins

  • Stop before fatigue causes strain

This builds the necessary strength for bar chords and extended playing — but must not be overdone.

8. Troubleshooting Common Problems

String Buzz

  • Move finger closer to fret

  • Increase pressure slightly

  • Correct finger arch

  • Eliminate collapsing knuckles

Slow Chord Changes

  • Break the chord down to individual fingers

  • Practise removing and replacing the hand

  • Use metronome at very slow tempos (40–50 bpm)

Finger Pain

  • Check thumb pressure

  • Ensure hand/wrist is relaxed

  • Keep fingernails trimmed

  • Avoid over-squeezing in early lessons

Losing Confidence

  • Return to 1-finger shapes

  • Remind students that chords are one of the hardest early skills. The effort put in now you may not see for up to 14 days.

  • Celebrate small wins (cleaner notes, small speed increases)

  • Chords take time but with daily practice they will eventually become second nature.

9. Teacher Benchmarks

A student has “Level 1 Chord Competency” when they can:

✔ Form basic chords cleanly (1-finger & 2-finger shapes)
✔ Change between chords at the checklist tempo
✔ Play 3-string chords without buzzing
✔ Place fingers down in any order (Folded Corner)
✔ Remove and replace hand efficiently
✔ Stay relaxed with correct finger curvature

10. How Chords Connect to the Other G4 Skills

Picking

Clean chord playing requires clean picking.
Accurate down–up picking, string targeting, and consistent tone all support smooth chord changes.
Students should first isolate picking, then combine it with fretted chord shapes.

Rhythm

Rhythm brings chords to life.
Strumming patterns are built on down–up motion, and weak chord transitions are exposed immediately when rhythm is added.

Reading

Chord diagrams and single-note reading reinforce left-hand awareness.
Students learn to interpret shapes, finger numbers, and string relationships through reading.

Arpeggios

Arpeggios are chords broken into individual notes.
Good chord fretting increases arpeggio clarity, and arpeggio practice strengthens finger accuracy used in chord shapes

Scales

Chords and scales share many of the same notes.
Understanding chord shapes makes scale navigation easier and helps students identify chord tones when playing melodies.

Aural (Ear Training)

Chords develop essential listening skills.
Students learn to hear:

  • Major vs minor quality (happy vs sad)

  • Buzzing vs clean notes

  • Balanced tone and string clarity

Better listening leads to better chord playing and faster progress.

Songs

Songs combine chords with rhythm, strumming, timing, and ear training.
Songs are the practical application of chord skills and motivate continued practice.